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Colorless Diamond Colorless Diamond
Yellow Diamond Yellow Diamond
Paraiba Tourmaline Paraiba Tourmaline
Emerald Emerald
Sapphire Sapphire
Colorless Diamond Colorless
Diamond
Yellow Diamond Yellow Diamond
Paraiba Tourmaline Paraiba Tourmaline
Emerald Emerald
Sapphire Sapphire
Darya
My name is Daria, I’m the lead gemologist at Parure Atelier Darya «I’ll tell you how to choose a stone that your descendants will pass down from generation to generation»

Colorless Diamond

Seeking perfection in its purest form? Colorless diamonds — it’s flawless beauty,
stable investments and the highest liquidity among precious stones in the global market.
4C parameters
Color Color
Clarity Clarity
Cut Cut
Carat Weight Carat weight
A parameter that grades diamonds on a color scale from colorless to light yellow.
The degree of visibility of inclusions and defects in the stone.
A characteristic, the quality and type of which determines the brilliance and fire of the diamond.
Carat — a unit of mass for precious stones.
Diamond cuts
round round
round
pear pear
pear
oval oval
oval
marquise marquise
marquise
heart heart
heart
cushion cushion
cushion
Selected cut
×
baguette baguette
baguette
emerald emerald
emerald
princess princess
princess
asscher asscher
asscher
radiant radiant
radiant
Gemologist’s advice
«Diamonds of the same weight can appear larger or smaller in size depending on the cut shape. For example, a pear-cut or oval-cut stone looks larger than a cushion cut.»
Carat weight Carat is a unit of weight measurement, not the size of a gemstone.
0.18 0.18 3.5 mm
0.25 0.25 4.1 mm
0.50 0.50 5.1 mm
0.75 0.75 5.7 mm
1.00 1.00 6.5 mm
Carob seed Carob seed 6.5 mm
1.50 1.50 7.3 mm
2.00 2.00 8.2 mm
2.50 2.50 8.8 mm
2.99 2.99 9.4 mm
Carob seed Carob seed 6.5 mm
*1 carat = 0.2 grams
Gemologist’s advice
«There are diamonds that professionals call big face. They appear larger when viewed from the front
than other stones of the same weight. However, if the stone is too flat, then due to its distorted proportions, it
won’t have that coveted diamond fire.»
diamond clarity
grades according to GIA system
Flawless (FL) Flawless (FL)
Internally flawless (IF) Internally flawless (IF)
Very very slightly included (VVS1, VVS2) Very very slightly included (VVS1, VVS2)
Very slightly included (VS1, VS2) Very slightly included (VS1, VS2)
Slightly included (Sl1, Sl2) Slightly included
(Sl1, Sl2)
Included (I1, I2, I3) Included (I1, I2, I3)
Gemologist’s advice
«Diamonds are evaluated very strictly on this parameter, with very high purity requirements.
Even an experienced specialist cannot distinguish a VS1 stone from an IF stone with the naked eye without tenfold magnification.

Stones from FL to VS2 are visually clean without using an instrument. Sometimes there are SI1 stones with no obviously noticeable inclusions. It’s possible to select an SI1 stone with inclusions on the periphery, closer to the edge of the stone, or with colorless inclusions in any zone of the stone.»
diamond color grading
categories according to GIA system
Colorless Colorless
D - E - F
Near Colorless Near Colorless
G - H - I - J
Faint Yellow Faint Yellow
K - L - M
Very Light Yellow Very Light Yellow
N - R
Light Yellow Light Yellow
S - Z
Gemologist’s advice
«D, E, and F stones are considered “colorless”, as the D characteristic denotes an absolutely colorless diamond,
while E and F have a tint only from the pavilion side (lower part of the stone) on special white paper under specific lighting. The difference between these colors is practically indistinguishable in jewelry. When grading a stone
that is already set, reputable laboratories usually don’t assign a color higher than F for this very reason.»

«Colors G-J are near-colorless. In most cases, stones with these characteristics are chosen for jewelry
as a compromise between cost and color. Strong blue fluorescence masks the yellow tint
in such stones.»

«Colors U-Z with a noticeable yellow tint should be highlighted separately. Stones that are more saturated in color
than Z are considered Fancy Light Yellow — that is, fancy diamonds, and they are more expensive. When properly set, their hue appears more saturated — for example, in yellow gold settings.»
Top 3 cuts for a colorless diamond
round round
round
cushion cushion
cushion
emerald emerald
emerald
Selected cut
×
colorless-img colorless-img
    colorless-img choose jewelry
    Yellow Diamond

    Yellow Diamond

    Colorless diamonds are classic, but colored ones are becoming more popular every year. Of particular interest are
    yellow diamonds. What affects their value? As with colorless diamonds, the price is determined by the weight, color, and clarity of the stone.
    Map of Africa Map of Africa
    Yellow diamonds
    are mined worldwide.
    However, deep yellow diamonds are primarily found
    in South Africa.
    Diamond color grading categories according to GIA system
    Fancy Light Fancy Light
    Fancy Fancy
    Fancy Intense Fancy Intense
    Fancy Vivid Fancy Vivid
    Fancy Dark Fancy Dark
    Fancy Deep Fancy Deep
    Fancy yellow diamonds are divided into 6 color categories:
    Fancy Light, Fancy, Fancy Dark, Fancy Intense and Fancy Vivid, the latter being the most highly valued. Of all diamonds submitted for GIA certification, only 3% are colored, and Fancy Vivid Yellow diamonds make up 5% of all yellow specimens.
    Gemologist’s advice
    “The right setting (e.g., yellow gold mountings) intensifies the hue.”
    The color of yellow diamonds is of great importance in determining their value. The color saturation of yellow diamonds in most cases depends on the amount of nitrogen. The more nitrogen — the brighter and more vivid the color of the diamond will be.
    Gemologist’s advice
    «There are diamonds that professionals call big face. They appear larger when viewed from the front
    than other stones of the same weight. However, if the stone is too flat, then due to its distorted proportions, it
    won’t have that coveted diamond fire.»
    Top 3 cuts for a yellow diamond
    cushion cushion
    cushion
    oval oval
    oval
    radiant radiant
    radiant
    Selected cut
    ×
    yellow-img yellow-img
      yellow-img choose jewelry
      Yunna
      My name is Yunna, I’m a gemologist and curator of the Parure Atelier jewelry production in Bangkok. Yunna «I’ll tell you how to choose a stone that your descendants will pass down from generation to generation»
      Paraiba Tourmaline

      Paraiba Tourmaline

      Neon sensation of the jewelry world: a gemstone with an incomparable hue,
      rapidly increasing value, and a bright future.
      What affects the value?
      Color
      Brazil Neon Color Brazil Neon Color
      Greenish Blue Color Greenish Blue Color
      Bluish Green Color Bluish Green Color
      Green Color Green Color
      The more intense and saturated the color of the stone, the more neon glow it has – the more expensive it is. This extraordinary mineral owes its color to the presence of copper within the structure. The copper concentration affects the hue (blue, blue-green, sea-green) and the saturation level, as well as the signature neon glow, especially noticeable in daylight.
      Clarity
      20.66 ct Paraiba Tourmaline, Mozambique 20.66 ct Paraiba Tourmaline, Mozambique
      15.72 ct Paraiba Tourmaline, Mozambique 15.72 ct Paraiba Tourmaline, Mozambique
      Transparent Paraiba tourmalines are more expensive than tourmalines with a large number of inclusions,
      which are often called “sugar-like” or “sugary”.
      Deposit
      The first deposit of tourmaline
      with a neon color was discovered
      in 1987 in the Brazilian state of Paraiba, and the tourmaline was named
      after its place of origin. Brazilian Paraiba tourmalines are so rare
      that this automatically increases the value of the stone. In Africa, copper-bearing tourmalines were discovered just a few years after the Brazilian discovery. In 2001, raw material with a neon glow began to come from Nigeria,
      and in 2005, production
      Weight Brazilian Paraiba tourmalines sharply increase in price if their weight exceeds 3 carats. Among African Paraiba tourmalines, there are true giants (from 50 carats and above), and of course, their weight also affects the price per carat.
      Gemologist’s comment
      “Are Paraíba tourmalines treated? Yes, 99% of stones (both from Brazil and Africa) are heated at 500-550 °C. This process enhances the gem’s color. Parure Atelier directly sources stones from the African Paraíba tourmaline deposit, ensuring that a wide selection is consistently maintained in stock.”
      Prices
      Brazil auction statistics
      2003
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 8.90
      carats, Brazil Price
      $30,000 per carat
      2018
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 3.49
      carats, Brazil Price
      $37,000 per carat
      2019
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 3.78
      carats, Brazil Price
      around $96,000
      2020
      Paraiba tourmaline earrings 2.59
      and 2.32 carats, Brazil Price
      $82,000 per carat
      2021
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 4.47
      carats, Brazil Price
      $86,000 per carat
      2021
      Paraiba tourmaline necklace 10.31
      carats, Brazil Price
      $500-700,000
      2021
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 4.06
      carats, Brazil Price
      $75,500 per carat
      2022
      Paraiba tourmaline ring 5.09
      carats, Brazil Price
      $74,000 per carat
      2022
      Paraiba tourmaline necklace 10.31
      carats, Brazil Price
      $116,000 per carat
      *according to Christie’s, Sotheby’s, Bonhams
      The Paraíba tourmaline prices increased rapidly, making acquiring this gemstone rather challenging. However, in 2001, good news thrilled the gemstone world — a neon tourmaline deposit was discovered in Nigeria, and another deposit was found in Mozambique in 2005. Collectors were particularly pleased by the fact that African tourmalines tend to be larger. Some specimens weigh over 40 carats.

      How could such an unusual gemstone be found on different continents? The explanation lies in the history of our planet. Paraíba tourmaline deposits formed about 500-300 million years ago. During that era, the territories of present-day Brazil, Nigeria, and Mozambique were all part of a single supercontinent called Gondwana.
      Mozambique auction statistics
      2007
      Ring with Paraiba tourmaline
      17.49 carats, Mozambique/Nigeria
      Price $8,300 per carat
      2008
      Ring with Paraiba tourmalines
      15.73, Mozambique
      Price $11,000 per carat
      2021
      Ring with Paraiba tourmaline
      11.31, Mozambique
      Price $12,000 per carat
      2022
      Ring with Paraiba tourmaline
      10.13 carats, Nigeria
      Price $23,000 per carat
      2023
      Ring with Paraiba tourmaline
      9.27 carats, Mozambique
      Price $42,000 per carat
      *according to Christie’s, Sotheby’s, Bonhams
      Top 3 cuts for Paraiba tourmaline
      cushion cushion
      cushion
      pear pear
      pear
      oval oval
      oval
      Selected cut
      ×
        choose jewelry

        Emerald

        A legendary stone that has conquered the hearts of the most famous women in history with its evergreen beauty.
        The fame of emeralds has not faded for centuries, captivating more and more connoisseurs of jewelry art.
        What affects the value?
        Color
        Vivid Green Vivid Green
        Green Green
        Pastel Green Pastel Green
        The brighter and more saturated the color of the stone, the higher its value. The most valuable and expensive color is vivid green,
        such emeralds are very rare. Green and pastel green colors are also very popular.
        Clarity Unlike diamonds, emeralds do not have a unified international system for evaluating the clarity of the stone. Natural emeralds almost always have inclusions, which is due to the conditions of crystal formation in nature. Specimens with a minimal number of inclusions that do not affect the play of color and beauty of the stone are valued higher.
        Treatment Most natural emeralds (regardless of color or origin)
        in the global gemstones market are treated.
        Emerald oil treatment is a centuries-old practice. Precious stones were enhanced this way in Ancient Egypt and Ancient Rome.
        GIA evaluates the degree of treatment according to the following system:
        F1, or Minor
        insignificant
        F2, or Moderate
        moderate
        F3, or Significant
        significant
        Gemologist’s comment
        «The rarest and most valuable emeralds are considered to be those without treatment (no oil), they make up no more than 0.5% of all emeralds available on the market, and their price will be significantly higher.»
        Deposit
        Emerald deposits are found on almost all continents, however, the main mining today is carried out
        in Colombia and Zambia. Another famous emerald deposit
        is, of course, the Urals. Emeralds from Colombia are considered more valuable and desirable, with equal characteristics stones from Zambia will be more affordable, since the history of deposits in Africa spans decades, not centuries, unlike Colombia.
        Rare emeralds mined in the Urals, Pakistan, and Ethiopia are also highly valued.
        Emerald deposits are found on almost all continents, however, the main mining today is carried out
        in Colombia and Zambia. Another famous emerald deposit
        is, of course, the Urals. Emeralds from Colombia are considered more valuable and desirable, with equal characteristics stones from Zambia will be more affordable, since the history of deposits in Africa spans decades, not centuries, unlike Colombia.
        Rare emeralds mined in the Urals, Pakistan, and Ethiopia are also highly valued.
        Top 3 emerald cuts
        pear pear
        pear
        emerald emerald
        emerald
        cushion cushion
        cushion
        Selected cut
        ×
          choose jewelry
          sapphire-main

          Sapphire

          A truly royal stone with a rich history, delightful palette of shades, and impressive durability.
          Its noble luster, hypnotically beautiful colors, and consistently high value have elevated it
          to the top of the precious Olympus.
          What affects the value?
          Color
          • Lilac Lilac
          • Pastel Pastel
          • Cornflower Cornflower
          • Mekong Whisky Mekong Whisky
          • Hot Pink Hot Pink
          • Royal Royal
          • Indigo Indigo
          • Fuchsia Fuchsia
          • Teal Teal
          • Pastel Pastel
          • Padparadscha Padparadscha
          The shade of the sapphire is the main factor when choosing a stone. The brighter and more intense it is, the more expensive. *Lotus Gemology
          Gemologist’s comment
          «Among blue sapphires, the most valuable are Vivid Blue, for example, cornflower blue – a bright shade comparable to field flowers,
          as well as Royal Blue – rich and deep. It’s a matter of taste: some prefer a brighter color, others a deeper one, and some prefer pastel blue colors altogether.»
          Deposit
          The most famous sapphire deposits currently represented in the market
          are Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Burma (Myanmar). In the last quarter of the previous century, African sapphires mined in Madagascar,
          Nigeria, and Tanzania began to gain popularity. Among other well-known deposits are Australia, Cambodia, Thailand, and the USA. Padparadscha stones are also brought
          from Tanzania. A beautiful stone of premium quality can be mined in any deposit.
          Each has its own characteristics.
          Padparadscha are the most sought-after fancy sapphires. Their color is orange-pink or pink-orange. One hue may slightly predominate over the other, based on which GRS may classify it as “Sunset” (more orange) or “Sunrise” type (more pink).
          Rare sapphires
          Padparadscha Sapphire Sunrise Padparadscha Sapphire Sunrise
          Padparadscha Sapphire Sunset Padparadscha Sapphire Sunset
          Regarding yellow, green, and pink sapphires, the intensity of the shade is what matters.
          Deposit
          Among fancy sapphires, the most highly valued are padparadscha
          with an orange-pink or pink-orange hue.
          One color may slightly predominate over the other, based on which GRS may classify it as Sunset type (more orange)
          or Sunrise type (more pink).
          Clarity
          Sapphire 14.45 ct Sapphire 14.45 ct
          The presence of inclusions is characteristic for sapphires, in some specimens it even increases the value (for example, if we’re talking
          about rutile inclusions creating a “velvety” effect, or forming a star pattern
          on the surface of the stone). Absolutely clean sapphires are rare, and, of course,
          their cost will be higher.
          Sapphire 14.45 ct
          Gemologist’s comment
          «It’s important to note that the presence of inclusions that do not negatively affect the play of color in the sapphire
          is not a factor that reduces the price of the stone.»
          Treatment Most sapphires available on the gemstone market are heated. Depending on the temperature and initial condition, such treatment can improve both color and clarity. Unheated sapphires are very rare and way more expensive than heated ones. Lattice diffusion is another treatment method that diminishes value. Parure Atelier refrains from using diffused gemstones.
          Gemologist’s comment
          «As a rule, Ceylon and Burmese sapphires are more expensive than sapphires with similar characteristics from African deposits, although visually the stones may not differ from each other.»
          Weight The heavier the sapphire, the higher its value. Sapphires in the 1-5 carat range are abundant on the international market, but specimens over 5 carats are mined much less frequently, so the price per carat increases significantly upon reaching this weight threshold. Stones weighing more than 10 carats are usually a unique story.
          Top 3 sapphire cuts
          emerald emerald sapphire
          emerald
          oval oval sapphire
          oval
          cushion cushion sapphire
          cushion
          Selected cut
          ×
          sapphire sapphire
            sapphire choose jewelry
            Congratulations, you have thoroughly studied our encyclopedia.
            In the meantime, we invite you to immerse yourself in the world of gemological certificates. The knowledge you gain will definitely come in handy
            when creating jewelry pieces for your jewelry box!
            choose jewelry